How does single-phase power differ from three-phase power?

The correct choice highlights the fundamental distinction between single-phase and three-phase power systems. Three-phase power utilizes three alternating current (AC) waveforms that are offset by 120 degrees from one another. This arrangement allows for smoother and more consistent power delivery, as the continuous nature of three-phase power reduces fluctuations in voltage and current, enhancing the efficiency and reliability of power systems.

In contrast, single-phase power only uses one AC waveform, leading to less consistent power delivery. This can result in greater voltage drops and less efficient operation, particularly for high-load appliances and equipment.

The other options do not accurately represent the differences between the two types of power systems. For example, single-phase power is typically used in residential applications, while three-phase power is more common in commercial and industrial settings due to its advantages for large motors and heavy equipment. Additionally, three-phase systems can often provide more power with reduced wiring complexity relative to the amount of electrical load they serve, making them more efficient for large-scale installations.