What is the function of a ground fault relay?

A ground fault relay is specifically designed to detect ground faults, which occur when electrical current leaks to the ground due to insulation failure or other issues. Its primary function is to trip the circuit when it senses this fault condition, thus preventing potential hazards such as electric shock, electrical fires, or damage to equipment.

When a ground fault occurs, the relay identifies the imbalance in current flow between the live conductors and the ground. It then sends a signal to the circuit breaker or other interrupting device to disconnect the faulty circuit, ensuring safety and protecting both personnel and property. This protective action is crucial for maintaining safe electrical installations and minimizing risks associated with ground faults.

The other options, while related to electrical systems, do not align with the specific role of a ground fault relay. Measuring voltage levels, monitoring current flow, or stabilizing voltage fluctuations describe functions of different devices, such as voltage relays, ammeters, or voltage regulators, but do not pertain to the primary purpose of a ground fault relay.