What is the main function of a potentiometer in electrical circuits?

The primary function of a potentiometer in electrical circuits is to adjust voltage. A potentiometer is essentially a variable resistor that allows for the control of voltage levels within a circuit. By changing the resistance in the circuit, the potentiometer can modify the output voltage that is applied across the load or component being powered. This capability makes it useful in applications such as volume controls in audio equipment or as calibration tools in various electronic devices, where fine adjustments to voltage are necessary.

In contrast, while a potentiometer can influence current indirectly as a result of its effect on voltage, its main role is clearly voltage adjustment. Storing electrical energy is not a function associated with potentiometers; that's typically done by capacitors or batteries. Additionally, distributing electricity to circuits is the role of circuit breakers, transformers, or distribution panels, rather than a potentiometer's function. Thus, the identification of voltage adjustment as the primary purpose highlights the close relationship between resistance, current, and voltage within electrical principles.