What is the purpose of GFCI protection in kitchens and bathrooms?

The purpose of GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter) protection in kitchens and bathrooms is fundamentally to reduce the risk of electrical shocks. GFCIs are designed to quickly disconnect power when they detect an imbalance between incoming and outgoing electrical current, which typically occurs when current flows through an unintended path, such as through water or a person. This feature is especially crucial in areas like kitchens and bathrooms where electrical appliances may come into contact with water, significantly increasing the risk of electric shock. By providing this level of protection, GFCIs enhance safety for individuals using electrical devices in damp or wet environments, making them an essential safety requirement in the National Electrical Code for specific installations in these locations.